SURYA MALAM: 2016

Carl-Gustaf M4 Multi-Role Weapon System, Sweden

Carl-Gustaf M4 (CGM4) known in the U.S. as M3A1 MAAWS is a man-portable, shoulder-launched weapon system designed and developed by FFV Ordnance, part of defence and security company Saab Bofors Dynamics, a Swedish defense giant to meet a wide range of modern combat needs of infantry forces. The next-generation multi-role weapon system can be deployed in anti-insurgency / peacekeeping missions and traditional force-on-force conflicts in urban or complex combat environmental conditions.

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Raytheon / Lockheed Martin FGM-148 Javelin - Anti-Tank infrared guided missile, United States of America

The FGM-148 Javelin is an American man-portable anti-tank guided missile and employable fire-and-forget medium-range missile system fielded to replace the M47 Dragon anti-tank missile in US service. Designed to take the fight to the enemy, the compact, lightweight Javelin is ideally suited for one-soldier operation in all environments. The Javelin system was developed and is built by a joint venture formed by Texas Instruments (now Raytheon Missile Systems) of Dallas, Texas, and Lockheed Martin Electronics and Missiles (now Missiles and Fire Control), of Orlando, Florida, US. Raytheon is responsible for the command launch unit (CLU), missile guidance electronic unit, system software and system engineering management.

The RPG-30 "Kryuk" ("Hook"; Russian: РПГ-30 «Крюк») is a Russian hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher with a single shot capacity. It was designed to challenge reactive armor and active protection systems on tanks and other armoured vehicles. The RPG-30 was unveiled in 2008 by the State Research and Production Enterprise, Bazalt, as a modern anti-tank grenade launcher designed to address the challenge of reactive armor and active protection systems (APS) on tanks. Active protection systems such as ARENA-E, Drozd and Trophy defeat anti-armor munitions by destroying them before they reach their target. The RPG-30 is an intended response to the introduction of these systems. The RPG-30 cleared its testing program and entered service in 2012–2013 and was immediately put on the Pentagon’s list of “asymmetrical threats to the US armed forces.”.

The RPG-32 Nashshab (Arabic: ار بي جي نشاب) (Russian: РПГ-32) (called Nashshab in Jordan) is a Russian-Jordanian hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher. The RPG-32 multipurpose grenade launcher was developed between 2005 and 2007 by Russian state-owned FGUP 'Bazalt' organization on request and under contract from Jordan. The RPG-32 is designed to destroy modern tanks of latest types especially those with additional armor shield (Explosive Reactive Armor-ERA). First RPG-32 grenade launchers will be delivered to Jordan from Russia in 2008.

The Buk M3 (Russian: "Бук"; “beech” (tree), /bʊk/) is a brand new Russian air defense system, modernized version of the Buk-M2 system, features advanced electronic components and a deadly new missile and could be regarded as a completely new system. The system is designed, developed and manufactured by the Russian Defense Company Almaz-Antey. The Buk-M3 system boasts a new digital computer, high-speed data exchange system and a tele-thermal imaging target designator instead of the tele-optical trackers used in previous models. A battery of Buk-M3 missiles can track and engage up to 36 targets simultaneously, while its advanced 9R31M missile is capable of knocking down all existing flying objects, including highly maneuverable ones, even during active electronic jamming. It outperforms even the old S-300P long-range air defense system.

The HQ-9 (Chinese: 红旗; pinyin: hóng qí, "red flag" or "red banner") is a medium-to-long range air defense missile system designed and manufactured in China by the Defense Company CPMIEC (China Precision Machinery Import & Export Corporation). The HQ-9 system is designed to track and destroy aircraft, cruise missiles, air-to-surface missiles, and tactical ballistic missiles. The land-based HQ-9 system has an anti-radiation variant, known as the FT-2000 for export. The export designation for air defense version is FD-2000 (with FD stands for Fang Dun [防盾], meaning defensive shield).

The S-500 "Prometey (Прометей)" ("Prometheus") is the latest Russian surface-to-air missile (mainly Anti-ballistic missile) system, currently under development by the Almaz-Antey company. It is also known as 55R6M "Triumfator-M". Prototype testing is expected to begin in 2015. The S-500 is planned to enter service at the end of this decade, possibly in 2017-2018. Russia plans to field ten battalions of S-500 missiles.

The S-350E Vityaz (Knight) missile system (Russian: ЗРС Витязь) or 50R6 is middle-range surface-to-air missile system developed by GSKB Almaz-Antey Corporation, for the Russian defence. It was developed by as a replacement for the ageing S-300PS and S-300PT-1A. The system design traces its roots from the joint South Korean/Russian KM-SAM project. The naval version with 9M96E guided missile under development would be called Redut.
The dual defence missile system was unveiled at the MAKS 2013 Airshow held in Moscow in August 2013.

The A-235 Samolet-M is an upgrade of the currently operational A-135 Samolet that is also referred to as the Moscow system. The A-235 will be a fixed land-based ballistic missile defense system and its new interceptors will probably utilize the presently mothballed 51T6 (Gorgon) silos. According to reports from December 2012, the A-235 could become operational in later 2013 or early 2014.1

Boyevaya Mashina Podderzhki Tankov (BMPT), also called the Terminator, is a post-Cold war armored fighting vehicle (AFV) designed and manufactured by the Russian company, Uralvagonzavod Production Association State Unitary Enterprise and Urals Transport Machinery Design Bureau Federal State Unitary Enterprise. This vehicle was designed for supporting tanks and other AFVs in urban areas. The BMPT was unveiled at the Ural Second Exhibition of Armaments and Military Equipment held in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Nizhny Tagil, Russia, in July 2000. It entered into service with the Russian Army in 2005.

Singapore conducted several attempts in the 1980s to produce an indigenous assault rifle worthy of their army however both the SAR-80 and SR-88 more or less failed in their long-term attempts. An indigenously-designed assault rifle would allow for lower procurement costs when purchasing a standard issue weapon in the numbers required of any army. It was also a sound move to move away from foreign reliance when concerning military equipment purchases in the long run.

Ares Defense of the United States produces the impressive Shrike 5.56 "Advanced Weapon System" (AWS). The Shrike 5.56 shares a high percentage of commonality in parts with the M16A4 model of the M16 family as well as its shorter carbine cousin - the M4A1 Carbine. From the outset, the weapon was designed by Geoffrey A. Herring to allow the operator in-the-field the firepower of the M249 SAW (Squad Assault Weapon) with the portability of the standard automatic assault rifle (the M16).

The automatic rifle has evolved considerably from its rather single-minded battlefield role to become a modular infantry-level system. This approach has been seen in designs prior such as the Stoner 63 of the 1960s and several more modern offerings since. Ares Defense Systems has developed their new Ares-16 family as just that - a single solution of modular design that can be modified to fulfill a variety of battlefield roles including that of assault carbine, assault rifle and light machine gun.

The Pindad Panzer APS-3 Anoa is an indigenous medium-class armored personnel carrier design effort put forth by Indonesia to help modernize its wheeled armored vehicle inventory in conjunction with ongoing conflicts. After Indonesian authorities laid down the groundwork for a new vehicle system in 2003, the government-owned PT. Pindad concern began design work on a Izuzu truck-based 4x4 vehicle in 2004.

The 9K333 Verba (Russian: Верба, "Pussy Willow") is a new generation man-portable air defence missile system (MANPADS), entered service with the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2014. It is developed by Joint Stock Company Research and Production Corporation Konstruktorskoye byuro mashynostroyeniya (JSC RPC KBM). The systems was unveiled for the first time during the defense exhibition in Russia Army-2015.

Representatives of Lockheed Martin and Navy at the ceremonial reopening of the MK 41 Vertical Launching System. Photo: courtesy of Lockheed Martin Corporation.

Lockheed Martin has introduced an upgraded MK 41 vertical launching system (VLS) production line at its Middle River, Maryland facility, US.

Under a previously awarded $235.3m firm-fixed-price contract by the US Navy, which extends until 2022, Lockheed designed and developed MK 41 VLS electronic and mechanical modules and related equipment.

Comparison: Russian Navy Slava-class and US Navy Ticonderoga-class Cruisers in Combat

Analysis by Konstantin Sivkov, Ph.D. (military sciences)
Military expert Konstantin Sivkov, a member of the Russian Academy of Rocket, Missile and Artillery Sciences, Ph.D. (military sciences), has assessed a hypothetical battle between a Russian Navy Project 1164 Atlant-class (NATO reporting name: Slava-class) missile cruiser and a US Navy Ticonderoga-class cruiser. The calculation has been performed for each of the compared ships. It has covered all of the missions considered and possible courses of action, and the calculation of an integral effectiveness index of the ships.

Slava-class
The Project 1164 Atlant-class Moskva missile cruiser has a total displacement of 11,500 tons, a length of 186.5 m, a complement of 510, a full speed of 32 knots and a range of 6,000 nm. The Moskva is currently being modernized and repaired which should extend the life of the ship until the end of the 2020s. Another vessel of the same class, the Marshal Ustinov has just been refitted.

The British Royal Navy has ordered six of the Type 45 "Air Defense Destroyers" for its fleet. Due to its lead ship naming ("HMS Daring (D32)"), the class is also recognized as the Daring-class. The Type 45 group succeeded the older Type 42 which entered service during the Cold War in 1975. The Type 45 ships have been in active service since July of 2009 when HMS Daring was commissioned.

To match the American Navy's Arleigh Burke-class multi-mission, guided missile destroyers, Soviet engineers were asked to develop a modernized solution through the existing Udaloy-class ships of fighting ships in 1982.

Cassidian, an EADS company (now Airbus Defence and Space) presents its TANAN 300 new-generation compact VTOL Tactical UAS (Vertical Take-Off and Landing Tactical Unmanned Aerial System) for wide range of missions including surveillance, reconnaissance, search-and-rescue (SAR), target acquisition, anti-smuggling, harbour protection, border patrol, anti-piracy, and convoy and VIP protection. It can also be deployed for monitoring image and communications intelligence systems, critical infrastructure and illegal traffic.

The Dassault nEUROn is an experimental Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) being developed with international cooperation, led by the French company Dassault Aviation. Countries involved in this project include France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Sweden & Switzerland. The design goal is to create a stealthy, autonomous UAV that can function in medium to high-threat combat zones. Comparable projects include Boeing's X-45, Northrop Grumman's X-47B, DRDO AURA, and Russia's MiG Skat.

Slower to the UAV game that Western world powers, the Russians are steadily gaining ground in an effort to match potential enemies pound-for-pound. Long-time Russian helicopter maker Kamov has unveiled plans to produce a helicopter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for possible shipboard and land-based use by the Russian military and intelligence services.

The General Atomics Avenger (formerly marked as the "Predator C") is one of the newer UAV systems to come online with the United States military, showcasing some of the very latest in UAV technology. The system was developed from the MQ-9 Reaper series (formerly "Predator B") which itself was designed from the lessons learned in the MQ-1 Predator ("Predator A") and is billed as a true unmanned "combat" air vehicle, defining her role moreso than previous UAV models.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been on a massive scale for the first time deployed in 1982 in the conflict between Israel and Lebanon. Since the Israeli UAVs are experienced unprecedented success, the very same year the aircraft design bureau OKB Sukhoi-51 PO charge of developing the first domestic assault unmanned air vehicle. Said Unmanned Aerial Vehicle cheerfully known as the Korsun, and was primarily used for the destruction of important ground targets with a strong air defense (PVO). Secondary determination of this machine was to become airborne survey.

Sokol / Tranzas Altius-M ( Altair ) reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle,Russia

The reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle for medium-altitude large range type Altius-M is a response from the Kazan consultancies Sokol and St. Petersburg society Tranzas to enter the Ministry of Defense of Russia on a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle take-off weight up to 5 tons.

Strategic altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle type medium-range WZ-2000 (also BZK-009) from the workshop GAIC of Guizhou was created as a successor UAV type WZ-5 (unlicensed copies of US-style Ryan AQM-34n Firebee the 60s), which was to PLAAF weapons included a small number already in the late 70s and 80s. A conceptual level, this machine is strikingly similar to the American type RQ-4 Global Hawk .

Tactical unmanned aerial vehicle type Sparrow Hawk II (Air Sniper) from the workshop of Guizhou Aircraft Industry Corporation (GAIC) from Guizhou can sort the exploration machines for medium height with great endurance (MALE).
Its design shape no doubt inspired by the successful American General Atomics "Predator" Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) line, the Chinese Sparrow Hawk II is an in-development air system intended for the surveillance, reconnaissance and intelligence-gathering role. Its payload consists of optical systems and sensors for the roles at hand while power is served through a single engine driving a three-bladed propeller assembly in a "pusher" configuration.

The Chengdu Pterodactyl I ((Chinese: 翼龙-1; pinyin: Yìlóng-1) also known as the Wing Loong was unveiled by company representatives during the China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition (Zhuhai) in 2010. The system is intended as a "Medium-Altitude, Long-Endurance" (MALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with provisions being developed to convert the type into an Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) form by implementation of various munition options.

The CASIC WJ-600 is a large-scale Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ("UAV", though more commonly referred to as a "drone") currently under development in China under the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation label (CASIC). As it stands, the WJ-600 will be a maritime and overland attack UAV designed as a standalone weapons platform or for operations in conjunction with the People's Liberation Army (PLA).

The Altay is a modern main battle tank, designed and developed by Otokar of Turkey for the Turkish Army and export markets. It is named in honor of Army General Fahrettin Altay (1880–1974) who commanded the 5th Cavalry Corps in the final stage of the Turkish War of Independence. It will be Turkey's first indigenous MBT development program since 1943.

The Turkish National Main Battle Tank Project began in 2005. In September 2010 the conceptual design phase of Altay was completed.

The Boeing X-45 served as a proof-of-concept technology demonstrator - developed in conjunction with DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) - for the storied aviation concern in trying to develop a fully-autonomous Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) solution for possible adoption by the United States Air Force (USAF). The advanced aircraft first took to the air on May 22nd, 2002 and this led to a pair of vehicles being completed and used in active testing.

Hyundai Rotem, an affiliate of the Hyundai Motor Group, is developing the K2 Black Panther (Hangul: K2 '흑표'; Hanja: K2 '黒豹') that will replace most of the M48 Patton tanks and complement the K1 series of main battle tanks currently fielded by the Republic of Korea Army (ROKA).

The MBT3000 main battle tank, also known as the VT-4 main battle tank (Chinese: VT-4 主战坦克 ), is a Chinese third generation main battle tank built by Norinco for overseas export. It is an upgraded variant of the MBT2000 (VT-1) and the latest tank model from the Type 90-II tank family. The program is being headed by the large NORINCO (China NORth INdustries COrporation) concern and is the direct successor to the "MBT-2000" - both versions owing their existence to the Soviet "T-72" of the Cold War. The MBT-2000 is currently in service with Pakistan (320 as the "Al-Khalid") and Bangladesh (44).

The M82 is a short recoil semi-automatic firearm. When the gun is fired, the barrel initially recoils for a short distance (about 1 in or 25 mm), while being securely locked by the rotating bolt. After the short travel, a post on the bolt engaged in the curved cam track in the receiver turns the bolt to unlock it from the barrel. As soon as the bolt unlocks, the accelerator arm strikes it back, transferring part of the recoil energy of the barrel to the bolt to achieve reliable cycling. Then the barrel is stopped and the bolt continues back, to extract and eject a spent case.

The Barrett M82 was the first notable American-made .50 caliber Anti-Material Rifle (ATR) when introduced in 1982. The line saw an evolution of sorts develop through the M82A2 which was made into a "bullpup" version (magazine feed aft of the pistol grip/trigger unit) which allowed for easier transport.

The Stealth Recon Scout (SRS) is bolt-action sniper rifle developed by the American firearm manufacturer Desert Tactical Arms. (Now operating under the name Desert Tech) It was unveiled at the 2008 SHOT Show. It's known for it's bullpup design, which makes the rifle just as accurate as other rifles with similar barrel lengths, but staying as compact as an assault rifle or SMG.

The Accuracy International AW50 resides in the same league of heavy battlefield guns that include the well-known American Barrett M82/M107 rifle. These weapon systems are charged with directly engaging armored vehicles, structures or even personnel at distance and delivering a lethal dose of heavy caliber firepower from over a mile away (more in some cases). Despite their large caliber and inherently massive recoil, gunsmiths engineer several key factors into such weapon systems as the AW50 to make them more manageable battlefield instruments.

Like other European nations during the Cold War, the Austrian Army made use of the excellent Belgian FN FAL Battle Rifle firing the 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge. These weapons were produced locally under license as the "StG 58" (Sturmgewehr 58). The original FN FAL was introduced in 1954 and was ultimately produced in over 2,000,000 examples, seeing action in countless conflicts thereafter with widespread circulation still apparent today. Its design was rather robust and her full-power rifle cartridge was a proven man-stopper.

The Heckler & Koch HK G36 series assault rifle was designed and developed to an exacting German Army requirement of the 1990s intended to replace the outgoing 7.62x51mm HK G3 series battle rifles - the standard German Army service rifle of the time. The 7.62mm cartridge held tremendous man-stopping capabilities and inherently good range but conformance to a NATO standard weapon firing the 5.56x45mm cartridge was in order. Heckler & Koch had given up the 4.7x33mm HK G11 "caseless" system after the collapse of the Soviet Union (funding and interest appropriately dried up).

T-100 Integrated Training System (ITS) is a new two-seat jet trainer for fast-jet training to provide air force pilots with advanced training for fourth and fifth-generation combat aircraft such as F-35 and F-22. The trainer aircraft, along with a ground-based training system (GBTS), is being offered to the US Air Force's (USAF) T-X advanced fighter pilot training programme, which is aimed at replacing the Northrop T-38 Talon; the average age of the T-38 fleet is over 43.5 years.

The Kamov Ka-31 (NATO reporting name 'Helix') is a military helicopter developed by Kamov Joint Stock Company (then, Kamov DB) for the Soviet Navy and currently in service in Russia, China and India in the naval airborne early warning and control role. The main mission of the helicopter is long-range detection of threats, including airborne threats such as fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.

The UAC Il-214 Multi-role Transport Aircraft (MTA) is a medium-airlift military transport aircraft which is being developed by the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) of Russia, and formerly with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) of India. It is being developed through an intergovernmental agreement between Russia and India.

The Ilyushin Il-112 is a Russia's brand new high-wing light military transport aircraft being developed by Ilyushin Aviation Complex (JSC IL) for air landing and airdrop of military air cargoes, equipment and personnel. Derived from the IL-114, the aircraft is being manufactured by Voronezh Aircraft Production Association at an aircraft plant in Voronezh, located some 400 kilometers (250 miles) south of Moscow.

The Kawasaki C-2 (previously C-X) is a mid-size, twin-turbofan engine, long range, high speed military transport aircraft being developed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) for the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). These will eventually replace a fleet of older Kawasaki C-1 and Lockheed Martin C-130 Hercules tactical cargo aircraft.

The Embraer KC-390 is a medium-size, twin-engine jet-powered military transport aircraft under development by Embraer (Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica), one of the world's largest aircraft manufacturers, able to perform aerial refuelling and to transport cargo and troops. It is the heaviest aircraft that the company has made to date, and will be able to transport up to 21 t (23 tons) of cargo, including wheeled armoured fighting vehicles.

The Antonov An-124 Ruslan (Ukrainian: Антонов Ан-124 "Руслан") (NATO reporting name: Condor), designed by the Antonov ASTC, based in Kiev, Ukraine, is a strategic airlift jet aircraft. It is manufactured by Aviant State Aviation Plant, Kiev, and Aviastar, Ulyanovsk, Russia. Until the Boeing 747-8F, the An-124 was, for thirty years, the world's highest aircraft gross weight production cargo airplane and second heaviest operating cargo aircraft, behind the one-off Antonov An-225 (a greatly enlarged design based on the An-124). The An-124 remains the largest military transport aircraft in the world.
The Ruslan is designed for long-range delivery and air dropping of heavy and large size cargo, including machines, equipment and troops. During development it was known as Izdeliye 400 (Product #400) in house, and An-40 in the West. First flown in 1982, and entered service in January 1986.

The Xian Y-20 (Chinese: 运 -20) is a heavy military transport aircraft being built by Xi'an Aircraft Industry (Group), a part of Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), for the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF). The official codename of the aircraft is Kunpeng (Chinese: 鲲鹏) after the mythical bird of ancient China that can fly for thousands of kilometres.

The Antonov An-178 (Ukrainian: Антонов Ан-178) is a short-range medium-airlift military transport aircraft designed by the Ukrainian Antonov company and based on the Antonov An-158 (An-148-200). The first An-178 prototype was rolled out in Kyiv on 16 April 2015. The aircraft will be available in both civil and military configurations, and will replace the ageing aircraft such as Antonov An-12, Antonov An-26 and Antonov An-32.
Construction on the second An-178 aircraft began in March 2015 while maiden flight of the aircraft is expected to take place in late 2015.

Also known as the Alto, the Derby missile is a beyond visual range (BVR) air-to-air medium-range (~50 km) active radar homing missile (AAM) developed by collaborative effort between Israeli defence company Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and Israel Aircraft Industries MBT to meet the combat needs of the armed forces.
Though technically not part of the "Python" family, the missile is an enlarged version of the Python-4 with an active-radar seeker.

The R-27 (AA-10 Alamo) is a guided medium range, air-to-air missile manufactured by Russian firm Vympel and Ukrainian firm Artem.This missile was designed for the Soviet Union's forth-generation fighters such as the MiG-29 and Su-27 featuring exceptional maneuverability replacing in service MiG-23 fighters armed with the R-23 missiles. Furthermore this missile is carried by improved versions of the MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-25, Su-30, Su-33, Su-34, Su-35, Su-37 and Yak-141.

The R-73 is short-range air-to-air missile, close-combat standardized missile was developed in the Vympel Machine Building Design Bureau, and became operational in 1984. The R-73 is included in the weapon complex of MiG-23MLD, MiG-29 and Su-27 fighters and their modifications and also of Mi-24, Mi-28 and Ka-50 helicopters. It also can be employed in flying craft which do not have sophisticated aiming systems.